This is due to the extremely fastidious growth of Mccp, which is overgrown by faster growing mycoplasmas. Autopsies are rarely performed on goats dying from the disease and, when samples are sent to the laboratory for isolation of the causal agent, other mycoplasmas, such as M. Until the development of specific PCR assays, it was difficult to obtain laboratory confirmation of CCPP. These lesions are restricted to the pleural cavity and consist of unilateral pleuropneumonia with profuse pleural effusion, but diagnosis may still be difficult. Conspicuous macroscopic lesions are observed in animals with acute disease. The causal agent of CCPP was first isolated in 1976, but it was not given its species name until 1993: M. It could also be used to monitor the efficacy of vaccination campaigns as high-quality vaccines induce high rates of seroconversion.Ĭontagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) has been known as a clinical condition for 140 years, but the burden and distribution of this disease remain largely unknown. It can therefore be used to evaluate the prevalence of CCPP in countries or regions without vaccination programs. This newly formatted CCPP cELISA kit has retained the high specificity of the original kit. The test was also used to monitor seroconversion in vaccinated animals. In Central Asia, where the disease was confirmed only recently, no positive animals were detected in the Wakhan District of Afghanistan or across the border in neighboring areas of Tajikistan, whereas seroprevalence varied between 2.7% and 44.2% in the other districts investigated and in northern Pakistan. In Mauritius, where CCPP emerged in 2009, nine of 62 herds tested positive. Seroprevalence was estimated at 14.6% in the Afar region of Ethiopia, whereas all the herds presented for CCPP vaccination in Kenya tested positive (individual seroprevalence varied from 6 to 90% within each herd). Prevalence studies were performed across the enzootic range of the disease in Africa and Asia. The strict specificity of the test was confirmed in CCPP-free goat herds exposed to other mycoplasma species of the “mycoides cluster”. A new competitive ELISA kit for CCPP, based on a previous blocking ELISA, was formatted at CIRAD and used to evaluate the prevalence of CCPP in some regions of Kenya, Ethiopia, Mauritius, Tajikistan and Pakistan in an international collaborative study. The lack of a more specific test has been a real obstacle to the evaluation of the prevalence and economic impact of CCPP worldwide. The complement fixation test, the test prescribed for international trade purposes, uses a crude antigen that cross-reacts with all the other mycoplasma species of the “mycoides cluster” frequently infecting goat herds. capripneumoniae, the causal agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP). Few serological tests are available for detecting antibodies against Mycoplasma capricolum subsp.
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